到 2044 年,中型和重型电动卡车市场规模将达到 2070 亿美元

电动和燃料电池卡车 2024-2044:市场、技术和预测

电动、混合动力和氢燃料电池动力系统。分析中型和重型 BEV、PHEV 和 FCEV 卡车市场。按区域划分的 20 年详细预测。关键赋能技术:锂离子电池、发动机、燃料电池和充电基础设施。


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IDTechEx《电动和燃料电池卡车 2024-2044》报告探讨了快速发展的零排放卡车市场的未来,涵盖电池电动、插电式混合动力和氢燃料电池卡车。该报告包括对零排放卡车部署的技术和经济方面的分析,并提供了 IDTechEx 对于到 2044 年中型和重型零排放卡车部署的详细预测,重点关注关键市场;欧洲、美国和中国。
Electric and Fuel Cell Trucks 2024-2044: Markets, Technologies, and Forecasts
The rapidly growing market for zero-emission trucks is analyzed in the IDTechEx Electric and Fuel Cell Trucks 2024-2044 report, which covers hydrogen fuel cell, plug-in hybrid, and battery electric vehicle technologies. The report covers the technical and economic aspects of the deployment of zero-emission trucks and presents IDTechEx's granular forecasts for the deployment of medium- and heavy-duty zero-emission trucks through 2044, with an emphasis on the three major markets: Europe, the United States, and China.
 
Even though the fleet of medium- and heavy-duty trucks makes up less than 10% of all on-road vehicles worldwide, the truck industry is responsible for around 40% of the greenhouse gas emissions produced by the global transportation sector due to its big diesel engines and high average yearly mileage. This is equivalent to 5.1% of all CO2 emissions produced worldwide by burning fossil fuels. Trucks are a target for governments because of their disproportionate emissions output. The truck industry needs to decarbonize quickly if the world is to fulfil its targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating the effects of climate change. As a result, the days of trucks with combustion engines fueled by fossil fuels are numbered.
 
Governments everywhere are acting decisively, tightening regulations on exhaust emissions and establishing timelines for reaching net zero emissions as a result of realizing the potentially disastrous effects of unchecked climate change and the harmful effects that vehicle exhaust pollutants have on human health when they are released into urban environments. This will push vehicle makers to develop zero-emission powertrain technologies in the next decades. The commitment to this shift from OEMs and suppliers is growing.
 
Major developments in truck electrification
In 2023, the electrification of trucks has seen notable advancements, albeit not at the expected pace. While battery-electric Class 8 (>15 tonnes) trucks have not yet dominated the market, there is a consensus that battery electric trucks are suitable for most use cases, especially in the short haul and defined route applications. Today, almost all OEMs either have a battery electric model in series production or are committed to starting production within the next year. Supply chains are maturing, and major tier 1 suppliers are putting substantial resources into parts electrification and shifting focus away from traditional combustion engine powertrains.
 
Zero-emission Medium and Heavy-Duty Trucks by Technology and Production Status
Source: IDTechEx Electric and Fuel Cell Trucks 2024-2044
 
Knowing the daily duty cycle energy requirement is essential for the deployment of battery electric trucks. Due to the high cost of battery packs, optimization that reduces the size of the installed battery while still providing a full day's operation is likely to be the most cost-effective solution. Numerous OEMs provide advisory services, assisting customers in analyzing the energy requirements of their everyday operations so that the vehicle and charging infrastructure can be customized to meet those needs. Customers can select the ideal vehicle for their needs with the aid of modular battery options and an assortment of electric motor sizes. Collaboration with consumers is essential for the effective deployment of these early-generation battery electric trucks (BEV).
 
Despite long-range potential, fuel cell trucks face deployment obstacles
While the market for battery electric vehicles is expanding, the energy density and specific energy of current lithium-ion battery technologies may limit the range of battery electric trucks by both the maximum weight of batteries that a truck can carry and the available space for batteries within that vehicle. Truck manufacturers now have a way to increase range while maintaining the critical decrease in on-road exhaust emissions thanks to fuel cell technologies. Although the technology shows promise, it will be difficult to lower system costs and implement enough infrastructure for hydrogen refueling to make driving a fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) practical. The availability of affordable low-carbon 'green' hydrogen, as highlighted in this IDTechEx report, will also be critical to FCEVs providing the environmental credentials on which they are promoted.
 
Needed infrastructure for heavy-duty charging and refueling
Early electric trucks have relied on charging infrastructure designed for light-duty vehicles, but more powerful standards are ready for commercialization and will unlock new applications. Wired stationary charging options range from AC slow with power below 43 kilowatts (kW) to DC fast charging with power up to 350 kW. Higher power standards covered within this report are getting ready for commercial rollout in 2024. ChaoJi in China will deliver up to 900 kW and CharIN's MegaWatt Charging System (MCS) in Europe and North America could deliver up to 3.75 megawatts (MW). Long haul truck applications where considerable amounts of energy is needed to be replenished in short, mandated stops are looking to such standards as enabling solutions. The alternative is hydrogen fuel-cell trucks, which will require a network of hydrogen refueling stations, along with the development of hydrogen generation and transport infrastructure. It is worth emphasizing that for short urban duty-cycles, which do not deplete an electric truck's battery over a day's operation, low power AC depot charging should be enough for most vehicles to recharge the battery overnight.
 
The report discusses the drivers and barriers to zero-emission truck deployment, including total cost of ownership considerations. It presents analysis of ongoing OEM and supplier development work and their goals for zero-emission truck deployment, with case-study detail about battery electric and fuel cell electric truck projects being undertaken by the major players in the industry. The report contains detailed investigation of key enabling technologies for zero-emission truck deployment such as batteries, motors, fuel cells, charging infrastructure and hydrogen combustion engines.
 
The IDTechEx Electric and Fuel Cell Trucks 2024-2044 report is designed to help businesses across the truck sector plan for the future in this dynamic market. The report provides 80 forecast lines for battery electric, plug-in hybrid and fuel cell electric trucks, giving a twenty-year outlook for truck sales, battery demand, fuel cell demand and market value, with separate forecasts for both the medium and heavy-duty truck markets. This report is intended for companies across the automotive value chain including truck OEMs, parts and systems suppliers, battery and fuel cell manufacturers, electric charging / hydrogen refueling infrastructure developers, truck fleet operators, government agencies, research organizations, and banks financing zero-emission truck deployment.
 
Key aspects
  • Zero-emission medium and heavy-duty truck OEM analysis, suppliers
  • Drivers and barriers to zero-emission truck deployment
  • TCO considerations for battery electric and fuel cell trucks
  • Key enabling technologies: batteries and motors (including e-axles)
  • Heavy-duty charging infrastructure (including megawatt charging)
  • Hydrogen fuel cells / hydrogen combustion
 
Market Forecasts & Analysis:
  • 20-year granular market forecasts (2024-2044) for battery electric trucks, fuel cell electric trucks and plug-in hybrid electric trucks
  • Unit sales (units), battery demand (GWh), and market revenue (US$ Billions), and fuel cell demand (MW)
  • Regional forecasts for China, the US, Europe (EU + UK +EFTA) and RoW
  • Separate forecast lines for medium and heavy-duty trucks
Report MetricsDetails
Historic Data2019 - 2022
CAGRThe market for electric trucks will surpass $207 billion by 2044 exhibiting a CAGR of 15.4% for the period 2024-2044.
Forecast Period2023 - 2044
Forecast UnitsSales (Units), Battery demand (GWh), Market size ($USD Billion), Fuel cell demand (MW)
Regions CoveredWorldwide
Segments CoveredMedium-Duty Trucks, Heavy-Duty Trucks Battery Electric Trucks, Fuel Cell Electric Trucks, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Trucks. Regions: Global, China, US, Europe (EU+UK+EFTA), RoW.
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Table of Contents
1.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1.Report Overview
1.2.Trucks are Capital Goods
1.3.The Rise of Zero Emission Trucks
1.4.Key Report Findings (1)
1.5.Key Report Findings (2)
1.6.Recovery from Coronavirus: Addressable Truck Market 2019-2022
1.7.Zero Emission Trucks: Drivers and Barriers
1.8.Fuel consumption, CO2 and GHG standards
1.9.Range of Zero Emission M&HD Trucks: Vehicle Weight vs Range
1.10.Regional Model Availability 2021-2024
1.11.Leading Global E-Truck Manufacturer Sales 2021- H1 2023
1.12.BEV and FCEV M&HD Trucks: Weight vs Battery Capacity
1.13.BEV and FCEV M&HD Trucks: Weight vs Motor Power
1.14.What do Electric Trucks Need to Deliver
1.15.Duty Cycle Energy Considerations
1.16.BEV Trucks Already Offer Sufficient Range
1.17.Heavy-Duty Trucks: BEV or Fuel Cell?
1.18.Green H2 for FCEV Trucks to be 'Green'
1.19.System Efficiency Between BEVs and FCEVs
1.20.5-year TCO ICE, BEV, FCEV, H2-ICE
1.21.Charging Solutions for Heavy Duty Fleet: High Level Findings
1.22.Medium & Heavy-Duty Truck Global Sales 2019-2044
1.23.M&HDT Global Sales: BEV, PHEV and FCEV 2020-2044
1.24.eM&HDT Battery Demand Forecast (GWh) 2020-2044
1.25.eM&HDT Sales by Region 2019-2044
1.26.eM&HDT Market Forecast (US$ billion) 2020-2044
1.27.Forecast Commentary
1.28.Portal Company Background Profiles (for report)
2.TRUCK DEFINITIONS
2.1.Electric Vehicle Definitions
2.2.Truck Weight Definitions
2.3.Truck Type
2.4.Truck Axle Layout Descriptions
3.DRIVERS FOR ZERO-EMISSION
3.1.Main Driver for Sector Decarbonization
3.2.Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emission
3.3.GHG Emission: China, U.S. & Europe
3.4.CO2 Emission: Medium & Heavy-Duty Trucks 2022
3.5.EU27+UK GHG Emission by Sector
3.6.Europe Road Transport GHG Emission
3.7.U.S. Transport Related GHG Emission
3.8.U.S. Road Transport GHG Emission
3.9.GHG Emission From The Truck Sector
3.10.CO2 Emission from Electricity Generation
3.11.Urban Air Quality
3.12.Urban Air Quality
3.13.Fossil Fuel Bans in Cities
3.14.Emission Regulation for New Trucks
3.15.Heavy-Duty Emission Standards
3.16.Fuel / CO2 Regulation for New Trucks
3.17.Fuel Saving Technology Areas
3.18.Fossil Fuel Bans
3.19.OEMs Endorse Transition to Zero-Emission
3.20.OEM Statements
3.21.What do Electric Trucks Need to Deliver
3.22.Zero Emission Truck Considerations
4.TCO CONSIDERATIONS
4.1.Total Cost of Ownership
4.2.TCO Considerations: Zero Emission Trucks
4.3.TCO Considerations: Battery Pack Cost
4.4.Zero Emission Tractor Truck Cost Breakdown
4.5.Truck Price Forecast by Powertrain
4.6.BEV Truck Fuel Cost Savings
4.7.Electric Trucks Reduced Operating Costs
4.8.Overcoming Barriers for Zero Emission Trucks
4.9.More Carrot, More Stick
4.10.Powertrain CAPEX Costs
4.11.5-year TCO ICE, BEV, FCEV, H2-ICE
4.12.TCO FCEV Trucks vs Battery Electric
4.13.TCO FCEV Trucks vs Battery Electric
4.14.TCO FCEV Trucks vs Battery Electric
4.15.TCO FCEV Trucks vs Battery Electric
4.16.External Cost of Heavy-Duty Trucks
5.EUROPEAN TRUCK MARKET
5.1.1.Europe: Addressable Truck Market 2022
5.1.2.Europe: Addressable Truck Market 2021
5.1.3.Europe: Addressable Truck Market 2020
5.1.4.Medium and Heavy-Duty Truck Sales in Europe Upto Q3 2023
5.1.5.Average European Diesel Price 2023
5.1.6.EU 2030: 45% Cut in Truck CO2 Emissions
5.1.7.Financial Driver: Legislation in Europe
5.1.8.Powertrain and Range
5.1.9.OEMs Combine on Charging Infrastructure
5.1.10.Milence: public truck charging network
5.2.European e-Truck Players
5.2.1.European Electric Truck Sales 2016-2022
5.2.2.Europe BEV Truck Sales by Country
5.2.3.Volvo Trucks FE and FL Electric
5.2.4.Volvo Trucks VERA
5.2.5.Volvo FM, FMX and FH Electric
5.2.6.Volvo Trucks Battery
5.2.7.VOLVO Group Electric Truck Sales Progress 2020-2023 Q2
5.2.8.Renault Trucks (Volvo Group)
5.2.9.Renault Trucks D Wide Z.E.
5.2.10.Renault BEV Refuse Truck at EVS 32
5.2.11.Mercedes-Benz (Daimler) eMobility
5.2.12.Mercedes-Benz (Daimler) eActros
5.2.13.Mercedes-Benz eActros 600
5.2.14.Daimler eActros "Innovation Fleet"
5.2.15.FUSO eCanter (Daimler / Mitsubishi)
5.2.16.DAF (PACCAR) CF
5.2.17.DAF (PACCAR) LF
5.2.18.DAF (PACCAR) CF Hybrid
5.2.19.DAF (PACCAR) XD and XF
5.2.20.TRATON GROUP Electric Truck Sales Progress 2022
5.2.21.Scania (TRATON) BEV Urban Truck
5.2.22.Scania (TRATON) BEV Long-Haul Truck
5.2.23.Scania (TRATON) PHEV Truck
5.2.24.Scania (TRATON)
5.2.25.MAN (TRATON) eTGM
5.2.26.MAN (TRATON) e-Truck
5.2.27.MAN (TRATON) eTGS/eTGX
5.2.28.Futuricum Electric Concrete Mixer Truck
5.2.29.Other European Electric Trucks
6.U.S. TRUCK MARKET
6.1.1.US: Addressable Truck Market 2022
6.1.2.Main Truck Brands in the US 2022
6.1.3.US: Addressable Truck Market 2021
6.1.4.US: Addressable Truck Market 2020
6.1.5.U.S. New Truck Sales by Class 2017-2022
6.1.6.U.S. Truck Sales by OEM Brand 2022
6.1.7.Medium and Heavy-Duty Truck Sales in the U.S. 2015-2023 H1
6.1.8.U.S. Annual Truck Market Sales
6.1.9.U.S. Average Truck Replacement Age 2016-2022
6.1.10.U.S. Truck Fleet Statistics 2007-2021
6.1.11.Average U.S. On-Highway Diesel Price 2000-2023
6.1.12.Operational Costs for US Truckers 2010-2022
6.1.13.Rising Truck Fuel Costs 2015-2023
6.1.14.U.S. Uptake of Alternative Fuel Trucks
6.1.15.The Future: Electric, Autonomous Trucks?
6.1.16.U.S. GHG Emission Policy
6.1.17.California's Advanced Clean Trucks (ACT) Regulation
6.1.18.California's Advanced Clean Trucks (ACT) Regulation
6.1.19.CARB Voucher Incentive Project
6.1.20.California's Advanced Clean Fleet (ACF) Regulation
6.1.21.State Support for e-Truck Deployment
6.1.22.U.S. Companies Urge Faster Adoption
6.2.U.S. e-Truck Players
6.2.1.U.S. Electric Truck Sales 2016-2022
6.2.2.U.S. Zero Emission Truck Deployments by Segment
6.2.3.Significant Market for BEV Trucks
6.2.4.U.S. Electric Truck Major OEMs
6.2.5.Freightliner (DAIMLER) eM2
6.2.6.Freightliner (DAIMLER) eCascadia
6.2.7.Freightliner (DAIMLER) Battery Packs
6.2.8.Freightliner Custom Chassis
6.2.9.Daimler Invest in Charging Infrastructure
6.2.10.Peterbilt (PACCAR) 220EV
6.2.11.Peterbilt (PACCAR) 579EV
6.2.12.Peterbilt (PACCAR) 520EV
6.2.13.Kenworth (PACCAR) T680E
6.2.14.Kenworth (PACCAR) K270E / K370E
6.2.15.Volvo Trucks North America VNR Electric
6.2.16.Mack Trucks (Volvo) LRe
6.2.17.Mack Trucks (Volvo) MD Electric
6.2.18.Volvo, Mack Electric Truck Recalls 2023
6.2.19.Navistar (VW Group) International eMV
6.2.20.BYD 8TT Electric Tractor
6.2.21.BYD 8TT Electric Tractor
6.2.22.Tesla Semi
6.2.23.Isuzu / Cummins F-Series
6.2.24.Isuzu N-Series
6.2.25.Small OEMs / Component Integrators
6.2.26.Xos Trucks
6.2.27.Xos Trucks
6.2.28.Nikola
6.2.29.Motiv Power Systems
6.2.30.Motiv Power Systems
6.2.31.SEA Electric
6.2.32.SEA Electric
6.2.33.Lion Electric
6.2.34.Lion Electric
6.2.35.Other U.S. Class 4 Electric Trucks
6.2.36.Other U.S. Class 5 Electric Trucks
6.2.37.Other U.S. Class 6 Electric Trucks
6.2.38.Other U.S. Class 7 / 8 Electric Trucks
6.2.39.Hyliion Natural Gas Electric PHEV
6.2.40.Electric Terminal Tractors
7.CHINESE TRUCK MARKET
7.1.1.China: Addressable Truck Market 2022
7.1.2.China: Addressable Truck Market 2021
7.1.3.China: Addressable Truck Market 2020
7.1.4.Addressable M&HD Truck Sales in China 2007-2022
7.1.5.Road Freight Demand in China 2007-2021
7.1.6.China's Truck Market Segments
7.1.7.Example Chinese Truck Joint Ventures
7.1.8.China Phasing Out EV Subsidies
7.2.Chinese e-Truck Players
7.2.1.China Heavy-Duty Electric Truck Sales 2020-2023 H1
7.2.2.Electric Heavy-Duty Truck Market in China
7.2.3.Electric Heavy-Duty Truck Sales in China H1 2023
7.2.4.Battery Swapping in the Chinese Electric Truck Market
7.2.5.Chinese Battery Swapping Dump Trucks
7.2.6.Sany Electric Dump Trucks
7.2.7.BYD Electric Dump Trucks For Shenzhen
7.2.8.Chinese Battery Swapping Dump Trucks
7.2.9.Chinese OEMs Electric Mixer Trucks
7.2.10.GEELY
7.2.11.China's heavy duty swapping industry 2022
7.2.12.The Rise of Battery Swapping in China 2021-2023 H1
8.BENCHMARKING US / EU OEMS
8.1.Volvo Trucks
8.2.Daimler Trucks & Buses
8.3.BYD
8.4.PACCAR
8.5.Traton Group
8.6.TESLA
8.7.CNH Industrial / IVECO / Nikola
8.8.European Truck OEMs Electrification Readiness in 2023
9.BATTERY TECHNOLOGY
9.1.1.Electrochemistry Definitions
9.1.2.What is a Li-ion Battery?
9.1.3.Cell Types
9.1.4.Cell Format Comparison
9.1.5.BEV cell form factors
9.1.6.BEV cell energy density trends
9.1.7.Chemistry energy density comparison
9.1.8.Comparing commercial cell chemistries
9.1.9.Li-ion Timeline Commentary
9.1.10.Types of Lithium Battery
9.1.11.Battery Technology Comparison
9.1.12.Li-ion Batteries: From Cell to Pack
9.1.13.Role of Battery Pack Manufacturers
9.2.Battery Pack Players
9.2.1.Developments in Pack Manufacturers
9.2.2.Acquisitions of Pack Manufacturers
9.2.3.Module and Pack Manufacturing Process
9.2.4.List of Battery Pack Manufacturers - Europe
9.2.5.Europe Battery Pack Manufacturers and Target Sectors
9.2.6.List of Battery Pack Manufacturers - North America
9.2.7.North American Battery Pack Manufacturers and Target Sectors
9.2.8.Asian module and pack manufacturers
9.2.9.Battery pack/module comparison
9.2.10.Battery Pack Benchmarking: Specific Energy vs Energy Density
9.2.11.BorgWarner (Akasol) battery packs
9.2.12.Akasol AKASYSTEM
9.2.13.Proterra
9.2.14.Webasto
9.2.15.Cummins (Accelera)
9.2.16.Microvast
9.2.17.Microvast Technology
9.2.18.American Battery Solutions
9.2.19.Leclanche
9.2.20.Northvolt Voltpack Core
9.2.21.Forsee Power
9.2.22.Deutz AG
10.BATTERY CHOICE FOR E-TRUCKS
10.1.LFP or High-Nickel Cathodes for e-Trucks?
10.2.E-Truck OEM Battery Chemistry Choice
10.3.Heavy-Duty Battery Choice: Range & Payload
10.4.Heavy-Duty Battery Choice: Charging
10.5.Heavy-Duty Battery Choice: Reliability
10.6.Supply Chain: In-House Pack Assembly
10.7.Chemistry Choices in Turnkey EV Packs
10.8.Truck Battery Chemistry Examples
10.9.Timeline and Outlook For Li-ion Energy Densities
11.HEAVY-DUTY CHARGING
11.1.1.Charging Infrastructure Critical to Deployment
11.1.2.Overview of Charging Levels
11.1.3.Charging: Depot & Opportunity Charging
11.1.4.Charging Infrastructure For Heavy-Duty Vehicles
11.1.5.Cost per kW of Installing Chargers
11.1.6.Fleet Charging Dependant on Use Case and Vehicle Class
11.1.7.Megawatt charging impacts on commercial vehicle system voltage
11.2.Conductive Charging
11.2.1.Megawatt Charging
11.2.2.Why Megawatt Charging is Important
11.2.3.MCS Specifications and Comparison
11.2.4.MCS Power Levels
11.2.5.MCS Charging Connector
11.2.6.Challenges in Implementing MCS
11.2.7.Challenges in Brining MCS to Scale
11.2.8.MCS Player Landscape
11.2.9.List of MW Charging Projects
11.2.10.Megawatt Charging in China
11.2.11.Grid Impacts of MW Charging
11.2.12.MW Charging Market Rollout in 2024
11.2.13.Megawatt class chargers forecast
11.2.14.Daimler Truck Commercial EV Charging Park
11.2.15.Tesla Debut Megacharger
11.2.16.Tesla High Power Charging Solutions
11.2.17.Detroit eFill Chargers
11.2.18.Heliox: Public Transport & Heavy-Duty Vehicle Charging
11.2.19.Heliox's 13 MW Charging Network for Electric Buses
11.2.20.SprintCharge: Battery-Buffered Charging
11.2.21.ABB's Depot Charging Solutions
11.2.22.ABB's 600 kW TOSA Flash-Charging
11.2.23.Siemens: Truck Charging Infrastructure
11.2.24.Siemens Autonomous Charging System
11.2.25.Summary of Commercial Electric Fleet Wired DC Charging Options
11.3.Inductive Charging
11.3.1.Resonant Inductive Coupling - The Principle Behind Wireless EV Charging
11.3.2.Wireless charging overview
11.3.3.Inductive Charging for Heavy-Duty Applications
11.3.4.Momentum Dynamics: High-Power Wireless Charging
11.3.5.Case Study: Wireless Charging for Electric Bus Fleets
11.3.6.WAVE - Wireless Charging for Electric Buses
11.3.7.WAVE Wireless Charging Impact on Vehicle Cost
11.3.8.Dynamic Wireless Charging Remains Experimental
11.3.9.Dynamic Charging Trials Underway
11.4.Battery Swapping
11.4.1.The Rise of Battery Swapping in China
11.4.2.Battery-Swapping Truck Market Share In China 2023
11.4.3.Mounting Swappable Batteries in Trucks
11.4.4.Chinese Battery Swapping BEV Trucks
11.4.5.TU Berlin Test Robotic Battery Swapping
11.4.6.Sany Debut Battery Swapping Station
11.5.Electric Road Systems (ERS)
11.5.1.Types of Electric Road Systems
11.5.2.Configuration of ERS Infrastructure
11.5.3.Benefits of ERS
11.5.4.Siemens eHighway
11.5.5.Electric Road Systems: Sweden
11.5.6.Californian Electric Highway
11.5.7.UK Government Investigating E-Highways
11.5.8.Volvo Conductive Rail Testing
11.5.9.Real World Testing
11.5.10.Electric Road Systems: Market and Challenges
11.5.11.Summary of Electric Road Systems
11.5.12.Charging Solutions for Heavy Duty Fleet: High Level Findings
12.ELECTRIC MOTORS
12.1.Summary of Traction Motor Types
12.2.Comparison of Traction Motors
12.3.Medium Duty Truck Models Motor Power
12.4.Heavy Duty Truck Models Motor Power
12.5.Truck Motor Type Market Share and Power Output Requirements
12.6.Integrated e-Axle Space Advantage
12.7.Dana E-Axles
12.8.Dana TM4
12.9.Volvo Driveline
12.10.Meritor Blue Horizon ePowertrain
12.11.Meritor 14Xe Electric Drivetrain
12.12.Danfoss Editron
12.13.Detroit eAxles
12.14.Allison Transmission eGen Power e-Axles
12.15.ZF Electrification Solutions
12.16.BorgWarner
13.FUEL CELL ELECTRIC TRUCKS
13.1.1.Introduction to fuel cells
13.1.2.Fuel Cells Trucks Outlook
13.1.3.System Efficiency Between BEVs and FCEVs
13.1.4.Up Front Costs of BEV and FCEV Trucks Progression
13.1.5.Attraction of Fuel Cell Vehicles
13.1.6.Deployment Barriers for FCEV
13.1.7.A Kaleidoscope of Hydrogen Colours
13.1.8.Sources of Hydrogen
13.1.9.Overview of Fuel Cell Technologies
13.1.10.Comparison of Fuel Cell Technologies
13.1.11.Fuel Cells Company Landscape
13.1.12.Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
13.1.13.What is a Fuel Cell Vehicle?
13.1.14.Installed Battery Capacity by Truck Weight
13.1.15.Fuel Cell Power vs Vehicle Weight - OEM Benchmarking
13.1.16.Fuel Cell Energy Density Advantage
13.1.17.Batteries vs Fuel Cells: Driving Range
13.1.18.Daily Duty Cycle Demand
13.1.19.Heavy Duty Vehicle Fuel Cell System Costs
13.1.20.The Challenge: Green H2 Cost Reduction
13.1.21.Must be Green H2 for FCEV to be 'Green'
13.1.22.Green Hydrogen Price Development Forecasts
13.1.23.Green Hydrogen Production Costs US / EU
13.1.24.Green H2 Cost by Electricity Source US / EU
13.1.25.Electrolyser Powered by Curtailed Electricity
13.1.26.Comparison Hydrogen Fuel Cost vs Diesel Cost
13.1.27.FCEV Truck Hydrogen Consumption - OEM Benchmarking
13.1.28.Renewable Hydrogen Cost Prediction in Europe
13.1.29.Subsidies Available to Fuel Cell Trucks
13.1.30.Potential Impact of Inflation Reduction Act on FCEV Trucks
13.1.31.Fuel Cell Manufacturers Collaboration on FC-Trucks
13.1.32.Fuel Cell Company Acquisitions Related to Trucks
13.2.Fuel Cell Truck Players
13.2.1.Fuel Cell Truck Example Specifications
13.2.2.Fuel Cell Trucks: Hyundai
13.2.3.U.S. XCEINT Longer Range
13.2.4.Hyundai Hydrogen Mobility
13.2.5.Hyundai XCIENT China Order
13.2.6.Fuel Cell Trucks: DAIMLER / VOLVO
13.2.7.Volvo Group: Toward Fossil Free Transport
13.2.8.Scania to Concentrate on BEV-Trucks
13.2.9.Scania Still Developing Fuel Cell Trucks
13.2.10.Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies
13.2.11.Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies
13.2.12.HYZON Motors
13.2.13.HYZON Motors Heavy-Duty Truck Schematic
13.2.14.Nikola Corporation
13.2.15.Nikola Motor: BEV and FCEV
13.2.16.IDTechEx Take: The Future for Nikola
13.2.17.Fuel Cell Trucks: KENWORTH (PACCAR)
13.2.18.Example Fuel Cell Manufacturers U.S. FC-Trucks
13.2.19.Fuel Cell Trucks: TOYOTA / HINO
13.2.20.VDL and Toyota Present First FCEV Truck
13.2.21.Fuel Cell Trucks: DONGFENG
13.2.22.Isuzu and Honda Fuel Cell Truck
13.2.23.BOSAL / Ceres Power - SOFC Range Extender
13.2.24.Ballard Motive Solutions
13.2.25.Ballard Motive Solutions
13.2.26.Fuel Cell Truck Sales in China 2018-2023
13.2.27.Chinese FCEV Support
13.2.28.China Hydrogen Refuelling Stations
13.2.29.China's FCEV Deployment will it be Green?
13.2.30.Chinese Fuel Cell Dump Trucks
13.2.31.SANY Fuel Cell Trucks
13.2.32.China Fuel Cell Installed Capacity 2023
13.2.33.Other Chinese Fuel Cell System Manufacturers
13.2.34.United Fuel Cell System R&D (Beijing) Co.
13.2.35.Guide to Hydrogen Truck Refuelling
13.2.36.Developing Hydrogen Refuelling Infrastructure
13.2.37.Fuel Cell Truck Refuelling Advantage
13.2.38.Long-Haul Trucking Opportunity?
13.2.39.FC-Trucks Facilitate Wider FCEV Deployment
13.2.40.The Fundamental Issue of Efficiency
14.H2 COMBUSTION ENGINES
14.1.The Hydrogen Economy
14.2.The Colors of Hydrogen
14.3.Introduction - H2 Combustion Engines
14.4.Hydrogen Combustion Engines
14.5.Attraction of H2 Combustion Engines
14.6.High Energy Density and Low Cost
14.7.Drawbacks of H2 Combustion Engines
14.8.H2-ICE Development by Vehicle Type
14.9.H2-ICE Development by Region
14.10.KEYOU
14.11.H2 Engine Key Modifications
14.12.Suppliers Move Toward H2-ICE
14.13.JCB Focus on Hydrogen Combustion
14.14.DAF BEV, H2-ICE, and FCEV
14.15.MAN Truck & Bus - H2 Engine Testing
14.16.Tata Motors H2-ICE Truck
14.17.H2-ICE Emissions Near Zero
14.18.Hydrogen Combustion System Layouts
14.19.Cummins H2-ICE Approach
14.20.H2-ICE CO2 Emission Reduction
14.21.H2-ICE Efficiency vs FCEV
14.22.Is there a TCO Case for H2-ICE?
14.23.Is H2-ICE a Fast-to-Market Solution?
14.24.H2-ICE CAPEX Advantage
14.25.Green H2 Production Cost Forecast
14.26.Hydrogen refueling stations (HRS)
14.27.H2 Fuel Price More than Production Cost
14.28.On-site H2 Production in Europe
14.29.Cost of hydrogen at the pump (1/2)
14.30.Cost of hydrogen at the pump (2/2)
14.31.The Reality: Today's H2 Pump Price
14.32.The TCO Impact of High H2 Fuel Cost
14.33.H2-ICE Summary
15.FORECASTS
15.1.1.Forecast Methodology (1)
15.1.2.Forecast Methodology (2)
15.1.3.Forecast Methodology (3)
15.1.4.Forecast Assumptions
15.1.5.Fuel Cells in Trucks Commentary
15.1.6.Other Alternative Powertrains
15.2.Medium and Heavy-Duty Truck Market Forecasts 2023-2044
15.2.1.Medium & Heavy-Duty Truck Global Sales
15.2.2.eM&HDT Unit Sales
15.2.3.eM&HDT Sales by Region
15.2.4.Global M&HDT Market Share for eM&HDT
15.2.5.eM&HDT Battery Demand (GWh)
15.2.6.eM&HDT Battery Demand Forecast by Region
15.2.7.eM&HDT Market Value Forecast ($US billion)
15.2.8.eM&HDT Market Value Forecast by Region
15.2.9.FCEV M&HDT Fuel Cell Demand Forecast (MW)
15.3.Medium-Duty Truck Market Forecasts 2023-2044
15.4.Medium-Duty Truck (MDT) Global Sales
15.4.1.MDT Global Sales: BEV, PHEV and FCEV
15.4.2.eMDT Sales by Region
15.4.3.Global MDT Market Share for eMDT
15.4.4.eMDT Battery Demand Forecast (GWh)
15.4.5.eMDT Market Forecast ($US billion)
15.4.6.eMDT Market Forecast by Region
15.5.Heavy-Duty Truck Market Forecasts 2023-2044
15.5.1.Heavy-Duty Truck (HDT) Global Sales
15.5.2.HDT Global Sales: BEV, PHEV and FCEV
15.5.3.eHDT Sales by Region
15.5.4.Global HDT Market Share for eHDT
15.5.5.eHDT Battery Demand Forecast (GWh)
15.5.6.eHDT Market Forecast ($US billion)
15.5.7.eHDT Market Forecast by Region
15.6.Regional Sales Forecasts 2023-2044
15.6.1.Europe (EU27+UK+EFTA) MDT Sales by Powertrain
15.6.2.Europe (EU27+UK+EFTA) HDT Sales by Powertrain
15.6.3.U.S. MDT Sales by Powertrain
15.6.4.U.S. HDT Sales by Powertrain
15.6.5.China MDT Sales by Powertrain
15.6.6.China HDT sales by Powertrain
15.6.7.RoW MDT Sales by Powertrain
15.6.8.RoW HDT Sales by Powertrain
16.COMPANY PROFILES
16.1.Leyland Trucks
16.2.TEVVA
16.3.Volvo Trucks
16.4.Renault Trucks
16.5.Mercedes-Benz Trucks
16.6.DAF
16.7.Scania
16.8.MAN
16.9.Futuricum
16.10.Lion Electric
16.11.Motiv Power Systems
16.12.XOS Trucks
16.13.Freightliner
16.14.FCCC
16.15.Peterbilt
16.16.Kenworth
16.17.VTNA
16.18.BYD
16.19.Tesla
16.20.Nikola
16.21.Lightning eMotors
16.22.SEA Electric
16.23.Hyliion
16.24.Mack Trucks
16.25.Akasol
16.26.American Battery Solutions
16.27.Forsee Power
16.28.Leclanché
16.29.Microvast
16.30.Northvolt
16.31.Romeo Power
 

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电动和燃料电池卡车 2024-2044:市场、技术和预测

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幻灯片 510
Companies 31
预测 2044
已发表 Nov 2023
ISBN 9781835700006
 

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